New DNA analysis on ancient cow bones suggests that America's first cowboys were enslaved Africans, challenging the image of the stereotypical cowboy.
This bone dated back to the early 1600s, more than a century before any historical records indicated the importation of African cattle. “They can show this complex history from evidence we didn’t have before,” said Eduardo Corona Martinez, an archaeozoologist at the National Institute of Anthropology and History in Mexico City.The arrival of African cattle coincided with a darker development.
Historical records from the early 1600s revealed that slave traders specifically targeted African groups experienced in cattle herding, like the Fulani of modern-dayContrary to the conventional belief that African cattle contributions to modern American cattle— a mix of European and African breeds— occurred through Spain or 19th-century imports, this research showcases robust evidence of an early African genetic marker.
“Here’s good evidence that a strongly African genetic marker shows up really early. It’s exciting confirmation of what the archival records were telling us,” said Louisiana State University geographer Andrew Sluyter. The study is a start to filling a knowledge gap about how European animals and crops changed ecosystems in the New World, according to Corona Martinez.
Intriguingly, the innovative practices associated with cowboys, such as herding cattle from horseback and the use of lassos, originated in the Americas during a time when most cowboys were enslaved Africans, ultimately spreading to Europe.were simply the workers — the brawn, not the brains,” concluded Sluyter. “They created a lot of novel techniques.
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