Scientists have discovered the oldest known ochre mine in the Americas.
“What is remarkable is not only the preservation of the mining activity, but also the age and duration of it."Cave divers made the discovery several hundred meters into an underwater cave.Thousands of years ago, the first inhabitants of the Americas journeyed deep into caves in present-day Mexico to mine red ochre, a highly valued, natural clay earth pigment used as paint.
of the University of Missouri."We rarely, if ever, get to observe such clear evidence of ochre pigment mining of Paleoindian age in North America, so to get to explore and interpret this is an incredible opportunity for us. While MacDonald and her colleagues are uncertain exactly how this ochre was used, evidence from other parts of North America suggest it may have been used as an antiseptic, sunscreen or vermin repellent or for ritual and symbolic purposes such as funerals or art decoration.This evidence of ancient cave exploration and mining spans a period of many generations over about 2,000 years and dates from 12,000 to 10,000 years ago, according to the study.
The finds included remarkably preserved ochre extraction beds and pits, digging tools, shattered debris that has been piled by human effort, navigational markers and fire pits.
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