Could We Use Mars as a Base for Asteroid Mining?

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Could We Use Mars as a Base for Asteroid Mining?
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Mining asteroids in the Main Belt makes more sense if you start from an orbit around Mars rather than from Earth.

is change. Launching and maneuvering require changes in delta-v, and those changes require energy. “Most MBAs are energetically too hard to reach with present technology from low Earth orbit. An alternative is to use Mars orbit as a base from which to conduct MBA research, prospecting, and mining.”

The available mass in the MAB and the MC asteroid populations dwarfs that of the NEO asteroids. So in terms of large-scale delta-v needed to reach more resources, the Phobos Mars Orbit idea wins again. “Most known MBAs + MCs are bigger than the largest NEO, Ganymed, at ~50 km diameter. Therefore, the accessible mass of MBAs + MCs increases more quickly than an equivalent number of NEOs at a given delta-v requirement.”and NEOs from LEO and PMO. Image Credit: Taylor et al. 2022.

The Asteroid Psyche is an m-type asteroid, meaning it contains higher proportions of metals like iron and nickel than other classes of asteroids. Its varied surface suggests a dynamic history, which could include metallic eruptions, asteroid-shaking impacts, and a lost rocky mantle. NASA’s Psyche mission should reach Psyche in 2026. Data from that mission will tell us more about the mineral value of asteroids in the MAB.

“Whether the Phobos delta-v penalty is economically disadvantageous depends on the masses to be moved, both of raw and beneficiated ore, and of mining and processing equipment,” the authors explain. “If the beneficiating equipment is massive then the simplified raw material gathering spacecraft that will undertake the Phobos to asteroid journey may be of significantly lower mass.”

The ESA’s Mars Express Orbiter captured this image of the Martian moon Phobos. The authors of a new study suggest Phobos could be a base of operations for mining in the asteroid belt. Credits: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin

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