When senior British politician Michael Gove announced in 2016 that the public had “had enough of experts” in the lead-up to the Brexit vote, it highlighted a growing trend of questioning the authority and power of experts.
Only last month, the home secretary, Suella Braverman, took to the stage at the National Conservatism conference to rail against “experts and elites”.
At the beginning of the pandemic, there was potential for a restoration of trust in expert authority. My new book, co-authored with Michael Reed, identifies three broad explanations for this decline which we call delegitimation, demystification and decomposition.One way the authority of experts diminishes is when societal institutions and structures that have traditionally supported them — such as governments, media and business — themselves face criticism, in particular from populist political movements.
The spread of online disinformation and misinformation amplified the decline of expert authority. This led to the emergence of “culture wars” centred around virus control, including mask-wearing.When people learn more about experts, in terms of who they are, what they do and who they serve, their power can again diminish.
They stood beside the prime minister at press conferences, but were often scapegoated for government decisions that were more politically motivated than based on medical expertise. The pandemic has highlighted the fragmentation of expert occupations. Many different groups were involved in tackling the crisis, with multiple ideas being debated in public.
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