A brain switch that controls body temperature has been identified by scientists 🧠 It lies in the POA (preoptic area of the hypothalamamus) – and acts much like a thermostat in your home 🥵️ 🥶️
A brain switch that controls body temperature has been identified by scientists.The region contains a group of cells known as EP3 neurons. In healthy individuals they respond to stimuli to keep the body within one or two degrees of 37°C .
‘However, in a cold environment, signals are reduced to activate sympathetic outputs, which promote heat production in brown adipose tissue and other organs to prevent hypothermia.’ When body temperature noticeably deviates from the normal range functions are impaired – which could lead to heat stroke, hypothermia and even death. The study, published in the journal Science Advances, shows these conditions might be treated if body temperature can be artificially altered back.For two hours, the researchers exposed the lab rodents to cold , room and hot temperatures.
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Association between cholinesterase activity and critical illness brain dysfunction - Critical CareBackground Delirium is a frequent manifestation of acute brain dysfunction and is associated with cognitive impairment. The hypothesized mechanism of brain dysfunction during critical illness is centered on neuroinflammation, regulated in part by the cholinergic system. Point-of-care serum cholinesterase enzyme activity measurements serve as a real-time index of cholinergic activity. We hypothesized that cholinesterase activity during critical illness would be associated with delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU) and cognitive impairment after discharge. Methods We enrolled adults with respiratory failure and/or shock and measured plasma acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after enrollment. AChE values were also normalized per gram of hemoglobin (AChE/Hgb). We assessed for coma and delirium twice daily using the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale and the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU to evaluate daily mental status (delirium, coma, normal) and days alive without delirium or coma. Cognitive impairment, disability, and health-related quality of life were assessed at up to 6 months post-discharge. We used multivariable regression to determine whether AChE, AChE/Hgb, and BChE activity were associated with outcomes after adjusting for relevant covariates. Results We included 272 critically ill patients who were a median (IQR) age 56 (39–67) years and had a median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at enrollment of 8 (5–11). Higher daily AChE levels were associated with increased odds of being delirious versus normal mental status on the same day (Odds Ratio [95% Confidence Interval] 1.64 [1.11, 2.43]; P = 0.045). AChE/Hgb and BChE activity levels were not associated with delirious mental status. Lower enrollment BChE was associated with fewer days alive without delirium or coma (P = 0.048). AChE, AChE/Hgb, and BChE levels were not significantly associated with cognitive impairment, disability, o
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