Atmospheric scientists have discovered abundant fine sea salt aerosol production from wind-blown snow in the central Arctic, increasing seasonal surface warming.
When it comes to global warming trends, the Arctic is a troubling outlier. The Arctic warms nearly four times faster than the global average, and aerosols play an important role in that warming. Scientists have long known that pollutants from other regions can accumulate in the Arctic atmosphere where they alter atmospheric chemistry, absorb sunlight, and affect local weather patterns, leading to localized warming that melts ice and snow.
"Over the past few decades, scientists have identified 'Arctic haze' as the primary source of aerosols in the Arctic during winter and spring. This haze results from the long-range transport of pollutants," said Xianda Gong, first author on the study and a former postdoctoral researcher in Wang's lab.
"The MOSAiC expedition let us observe how aerosols and clouds evolve over the course of a year and led to this discovery," Wang said."Sea salt particles in the Arctic atmosphere aren't surprising, since there are ocean waves breaking that will generate sea salt aerosols. But we expect those particles from the ocean to be pretty large and not very abundant.
"These sea salt particles can act as cloud condensation nuclei, leading to cloud formation," Gong said."Considering the absence of sunlight in the winter and spring Arctic, these clouds have the capacity to trap surface long-wave radiation, thereby significantly warming the Arctic surface."
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