In a dwarf galaxy 30 million light years away, researchers observed a black hole triggering star formation.
Optical data from the Hubble Space Telescope, X-ray data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, and radio data from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Very Large Array are combined to reveal the Henize 2-10 starburst galaxy in all its incandescent glory.When Amy Reines first saw snapshots of the Henize 2-10 dwarf starburst galaxy in the late 2000s, she was struck by how different it looked from the rest of its peers.
Thanks to their incredible masses, black holes capture dust and the shredded remains of stars that wander too close. As the astronomical giants consume their victims, they may also eject some of the stellar fodder. “They [feed] on surrounding material, but they’re kind of messy about it,” says Reines.
Enter dwarf galaxies, a class of small stellar congregations with—if any—punier black holes to match. Black holes nestled in dwarf galaxies are fainter, so they’re harder for scientists to detect. And the winds emerging from these modest black holes aren’t as violent, so instead of blowing the celestial detritus away, they compact it, like a blizzard that piles up snow drifts. These dense pockets of matter are fertile grounds for stellar creation.
This result confirmed that new stars were forming directly from the feasting black hole’s leftovers. “We basically see a little coherent, wobbly pattern in the doppler shifts,” says Schutte. “There’s a coherent outflow originating at the black hole and extending to the regions of star formation.”
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