Air pollution linked to higher dementia rates AirPollution Dementia Pollution bmj_latest
Study: Ambient air pollution and clinical dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Image Credit: fran_kie / Shutterstock
Overall, there remains a scarcity of systematic reviews that could provide actionable results that regulatory agencies and clinicians could use to guide patients and the public regarding dementia risk due to rising air pollution. Another distinguishing feature of this meta-analysis was that it used active case ascertainment. This method allowed screening of the whole study population for dementia among those who did not have this condition at baseline. Finally, the team used Knapp-Hartung standard errors to do a meta-analysis when a minimum of three studies for a given air pollutant used similar approaches.
Based on the studies with active case ascertainment, the researchers derived the best estimates. Accordingly, the best estimate for the effect of a 2 μg/m3 higher concentration of PM2.5 was a hazard ratio of 1.42. However, given time trend biases, a more conservative estimate was 1.17. The confidence limits were too wide for both estimates. Thus, these findings need to be interpreted with caution.
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