The new research adds to our knowledge of how Great Whites employ their 'flight' instincts to evade predators over long periods of time and in groups. Large numbers of Great White Sharks have been driven away from their normal gathering place by a pair of Orca (Killer Whales) who have been terror
Lead author Alison Towner with the carcass of a Great White Shark washed up on shore following an Orca attack. Credit: Marine Dynamics/ Dyer Island Conservation Trust. Image by Hennie Otto
The findings support the theory that sharks employ their fear-induced “flight” response to initiate large mass emigration when a marine predator is close. Alison, from Lancashire in the UK, is a Ph.D. candidate at Rhodes University in Makhanda, Eastern Cape. She lives in Gansbaai and has studied Great White Sharks for the last 15 years, learning about their movement patterns through tagging data. Regularly found on a boat and having witnessed many huge Great White Sharks, she has previously described the area as “simply special, in terms of marine life – few places compare to this truly diverse and beautiful area”.
“However, balance is crucial in marine ecosystems, for example, with no Great White Sharks restricting Cape Fur seal behavior, the seals can predate on critically endangered African Penguins, or compete for the small pelagic fish they eat. That’s a top-down impact, we also have ‘bottom up’ trophic pressures from extensive removal of Abalone, which graze the kelp forests these species are all connected through.
“This change in both top predators’ behavior could,” Alison says, “be related to a decline in prey populations, including fishes and sharks, causing changes in their distribution pattern.
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