Nature research paper: A large-scale microelectromechanical-systems-based silicon photonics LiDAR
The on-chip optical losses of the FPSA reported here mainly come from three sources: waveguide propagation loss ; note that grating antennas at different locations are connected to different waveguide lengths and, thus, have different waveguide propagation losses; row-selection-switch loss and column-selection-switch loss ; grating antenna emission loss . For example, a grating antenna with a 1-cm waveguide has an on-chip loss of 10.2 dB.
In addition to the on-chip losses, the demonstrated LiDAR setup also has two off-chip losses: fibre-to-chip coupling loss and loss owing to limited device lens transmittance and collection efficiency of grating antenna emitted light . The fibre-to-chip coupling loss can be eliminated if the LiDAR ranging system components are integrated on-chip
. The device lens loss can be reduced by applying anti-reflection coating for the operating wavelength, as well as improving the optical design to better match the lens aperture with the grating antenna emitting pattern.The FPSA chip is attached and wire bonded to a 256-pin ceramic PGA.
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