Scientists have identified the source of antibiotic resistance that emerged within bacteria driving the ongoing Yemen cholera epidemic.
underscore the importance of ongoing genomic surveillance of pathogens to monitor the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains.in Yemen is the largest in modern history, responsible for more than 2.5 million cases and at least 4,000 deaths since 2016. Cholera is an infectious disease caused by certain strains—genetic types—of bacteria known as Vibrio cholerae with epidemic potential.
The team found that a type of V. cholerae containing multidrug-resistant genetic elements took over as the main pathogen during the Yemen outbreak period, likely from the widespread use of antibiotics at the time. The plasmid's stability in V. cholerae defies usual mechanisms that would have eliminated it. This resilience makes the strain a concerning factor in the context of future cholera outbreaks.
"This cholera strain, which has also been found in the Southeast African region, has the ability to pick up plasmids carrying multidrug resistance. This unexpected behavior poses a new threat for cholera control, and needs to be fully understood before we can develop effective mitigation strategies," adds Professor François-Xavier Weill and Dr. Marie-Laure Quilici, senior authors of the study at the Institut Pasteur, Paris.
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