OP: Migratory species are in decline, in part because conservation efforts too often disregard the communities that have historically protected them.
, showing that Texas and New Mexico received an estimated $12.4 million value in pest control services per year between 1994 and 2008 from the Mexican free-tailed bat, thanks to the bats’ appetite fora moth that does considerable damage to cotton and soybean crops. More research is needed to quantify any costs and benefits for rural farming communities in central and southern Mexico, who protect the habitat where the bats spend the winter.
In our studies of the Mexican free-tailed bat, monarch butterfly, and northern pintail duck, we found that Indigenous communities often contributed to benefits reaped by the descendants of colonizers and settlers. Indigenous communities in Alaska and Canada rely on the pintail as a source of protein. These communities developed planting schedules designed to avoid disruption to the birds’ migration.
We have also observed a rural versus urban inequity even within wealthy countries like the U.S. and Canada. During the summers, the monarch butterfly’s beauty is a delight for people in more urban communities, who sacrifice nothing for the privilege. But getting monarch numbers up will require work in rural areas in the U.S. and Canada. The insects lay eggs on and feed off milkweed, which has been decimated where herbicide-tolerant genetically modified corn is planted.
Limiting herbicide use would not only benefit monarchs but many other species harmed by the chemicals, including humans. Agricultural workers, again disproportionately rural and with roots in the Global South, suffer cancer, reproductive harm and more because of chemical exposure. None of this is about pitting the needs of humans against non-human species. Rather it is about finding a fair and reasonable way to encourage biodiversity, which benefits us all.
If we humans want to help these other species, we must start by working toward equity within our own.
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