With recent news of American gymnast Mary Lou Retton’s hospitalization, National Geographic talked with experts about the different types of pneumonia, the risks, and treatments.
This chest x-ray shows more opacity next to the lower right border of the heart—a sign that the lower lobe of the right lung is consumed with pneumonia .world’s leading cause of death for children under the age of fiveannually. Pneumonia, which can range from mild to life-threatening, is caused by inflammation within the tiny air sacs in the lungs. It can lead to deadly consequences—including a lack of oxygen and blood infections—if left untreated.
Bacterial pneumonia, which is the most common type, is caused by bacteria, which means that it is easily treated with an antibiotic. For many patients, treating pneumonia with an antibiotic will help resolve their symptoms, and help them start to feel better within days of starting treatment. “The earlier the treatment, the better,” Wu says.
Hospital-acquired pneumonias are considered a separate category because a hospital environment often exposes patients to a different set of bacteria, including strains that are more likely to be resistant to antibiotics. A case of pneumonia that was acquired in a hospital setting can affect how doctors treat the condition. “They’re at risk for some different bugs that we don’t usually see in the outpatient setting,” Kimmig says. “That affects the antibiotic choice.
“It’s important to always contact your doctor when something feels different,” Turowski says. “When we’re involved early, we can guide you, and if we get a follow up call, that I’m getting worse, then we can help get things ready for you in the hospital.”
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