Associations of cardioprotective medications with COVID-19 outcomes PLOSONE BrighamWomens HarvardChanSPH harvardmed COVID19 coronavirus covid cardioprotective medication
By Tarun Sai LomteOct 14 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study published in PLOS ONE, researchers evaluated coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes in patients taking four types of cardioprotective medicines.
About the study The present study examined the associations between cardioprotective medicines and adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19. The study cohort comprised adults with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who had at least one encounter with a Mass General Brigham-affiliated primary care practice before the diagnosis. Individuals were included if they tested positive for COVID-19 from March 2020 to March 2021.
Findings The study cohort comprised 13,585 subjects with past or active prescriptions. Statins were used by 8,891 patients, aspirin by 4,487, RAASi by 8,342, and metformin by 3,696 patients. Approximately 22% of participants were not using any medicines on the index date, 41.8% were on one medication, 23.9% on two, 10.6% on three, and 2.1% were using all four drugs. The mean age of the participants was 62.5; the study cohort was predominantly female and obese.
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Elevated vascular transformation blood biomarkers in Long-COVID indicate angiogenesis as a key pathophysiological mechanism - Molecular MedicineBackground Long-COVID is characterized by prolonged, diffuse symptoms months after acute COVID-19. Accurate diagnosis and targeted therapies for Long-COVID are lacking. We investigated vascular transformation biomarkers in Long-COVID patients. Methods A case–control study utilizing Long-COVID patients, one to six months (median 98.5 days) post-infection, with multiplex immunoassay measurement of sixteen blood biomarkers of vascular transformation, including ANG-1, P-SEL, MMP-1, VE-Cad, Syn-1, Endoglin, PECAM-1, VEGF-A, ICAM-1, VLA-4, E-SEL, thrombomodulin, VEGF-R2, VEGF-R3, VCAM-1 and VEGF-D. Results Fourteen vasculature transformation blood biomarkers were significantly elevated in Long-COVID outpatients, versus acutely ill COVID-19 inpatients and healthy controls subjects (P | 0.05). A unique two biomarker profile consisting of ANG-1/P-SEL was developed with machine learning, providing a classification accuracy for Long-COVID status of 96%. Individually, ANG-1 and P-SEL had excellent sensitivity and specificity for Long-COVID status (AUC = 1.00, P | 0.0001; validated in a secondary cohort). Specific to Long-COVID, ANG-1 levels were associated with female sex and a lack of disease interventions at follow-up (P | 0.05). Conclusions Long-COVID patients suffer prolonged, diffuse symptoms and poorer health. Vascular transformation blood biomarkers were significantly elevated in Long-COVID, with angiogenesis markers (ANG-1/P-SEL) providing classification accuracy of 96%. Vascular transformation blood biomarkers hold potential for diagnostics, and modulators of angiogenesis may have therapeutic efficacy.
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