Do you use a smartphone app to help you identify plants? Tests of the most popular apps have found that they are generally not very accurate
Smartphone apps that identify plants from photographs can be as little as 4 per cent accurate, which could put people foraging for food at risk and also lead to endangered plants being mislabelled as weeds and eradicated.at the University of Leeds, UK, and her colleagues evaluated six of the most popular apps: Google Lens, iNaturalist, Leaf Snap, Pl@ntNet, Plant Snap and Seek. They attempted to identify 38 species of plant in their natural habitat, at four locations in Ireland, with each app.
“There are lots of reasons why it’s important that either the apps are accurate, or people are aware that these apps are a guide but definitely not perfect,” says Peacock. For example, people could misidentify important native species as invasive, and remove them from their gardens, or consume potentially dangerous wild plants, thinking they are a harmless variety.But Peacock doesn’t think people shouldn’t use these apps, as long as they understand the limitations.
The apps use artificial intelligence algorithms trained on vast numbers of captioned photographs of plants. During training, the AI is taught to recognise not only the training photos, but also to spot similarities between them and new photographs, which allows them to identify plants. Generally, the apps were all better at identifying flowers than leaves, which the researchers say is due to their greater variety of shape and colour providing the AI with more clues. But this wasn’t always the case. The iNaturalist app was able to correctly identify just 3.6 per cent of flowers and 6.8 per cent of leaves. Plant Snap identified 35.7 per cent of flowers correctly and 17.1 per cent of leaves. The highest accuracy was achieved by Pl@ntNet at 88.2 per cent.
“This is sometimes a thankless task because people prefer to see a single result with 100 per cent confidence, even if it’s not the right one, rather than three possible species at 33 per cent each, but which represents the reality with regard to the photo taken,” he says. “But it seems our strategy is paying off.”
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